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United States Department of Health and Human Services
行业: Government
Number of terms: 33950
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United States Department of Health and Human Services, Radiation Emergency Medical Management
The mass of an atom, expressed in atomic mass units. For example, the atomic number of helium-4 is 2, the atomic mass is 4, and the atomic weight is 4.00026.
Industry:Medical devices
Ionizing radiation from natural sources, such as terrestrial radiation due to radionuclides in the soil or cosmic radiation originating in outer space.
Industry:Medical devices
The amount of a radioactive material that will undergo one decay (disintegration) per second. For more information, see “primer on radiation measurement” from cdc.
Industry:Medical devices
Energetic beta particles with high enough specific-activity, if left on the skin surface for a sufficient length of time, may cause erythema and dry (or even wet) desquamation. These are often called "beta burns." "beta burns" have been described after a nuclear weapon detonation as a consequence of fallout on the skin.
Industry:Medical devices
(image) electrons ejected from the nucleus of a decaying atom. Although they can be stopped by a thin sheet of aluminum, beta particles can penetrate the dead skin layer, potentially causing burns. They can pose a serious direct or external radiation threat and can be lethal depending on the amount received. They also pose a serious internal radiation threat if beta-emitting atoms are ingested or inhaled. See also alpha particle, gamma rays, neutron, x-ray.
Industry:Medical devices
A measurement of radioactive materials present inside a person’s body through analysis of the person’s blood, urine, feces, or sweat.
Industry:Medical devices
The laboratory or clinical methods used to measure or estimate the dose of ionizing radiation energy absorbed by an individual. Biodosimetry tools measure the dose to internal organs and tissues from external exposure and internal contamination.
Industry:Medical devices
Reports of the national research council's committee on the biological effects of ionizing radiation. For more information, see http://www.nap.edu/books/0309039959/html/.
Industry:Medical devices
The time required for one half of the amount of a substance, such as a radionuclide, to be expelled from the body by natural metabolic processes, not counting radioactive decay, once it has been taken in through inhalation, ingestion, or absorption. See also radioactive half-life, effective half-life.
Industry:Medical devices
The partial or complete destruction of skin caused by some form of energy, usually thermal energy.
Industry:Medical devices