- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
An objective analysis technique used to create an estimate of the atmospheric state that maximizes (or minimizes) a mathematical measure of desirable (or undesirable) characteristics. The analysis characteristics usually include measures of the fit to data, background field, and dynamical constraints.
Industry:Weather
An isopleth of temperature; specifically, a line on a graph connecting values of constant temperature as a function of two coordinates. See isotherm.
Industry:Weather
An internal boundary layer caused by advection of air across a discontinuity in surface temperature. Important in coastal plains, this layer increases in depth to merge eventually with the convective boundary layer some distance from the coastline. In this example of cool air advection, the thermal internal boundary layer grows in depth as the square root of distance from the discontinuity.
Industry:Weather
An interlude in a period of predominantly inclement weather during which a weather-sensitive operation may be carried out successfully.
Industry:Weather
An instrument used to indicate or measure wind direction. It consists basically of an asymmetrical, elongated object mounted at its center of gravity about a vertical axis. The end that offers the greater resistance to the motion of air moves to the downwind position. The direction of the wind may be determined by visual reference to an attached oriented compass rose. The direction may also be displayed or recorded by use of a potentiometer or a digital optical encoder.
Industry:Weather
An instrument that measures the reduction in transmission of light that is caused by interposing a solution containing solid particles between the light source and the eye. By using a known volume of solution in comparison with a standard, this instrument makes it possible to determine the mass effect, attributable to the number and size of the particles in the solution, and thus the quantitative amount of material present.
Industry:Weather
An instrument that measures temperature changes, in contrast with a thermometer, which measures the absolute temperature.
Industry:Weather
An instrument of the aspiration condenser type that measures the concentration and mobility of small ions. See ion counter.
Industry:Weather
An increase in wind speed and decrease of pressure as air flows through a constriction or mountain gap. The relationship between wind speed and pressure is given by Bernoulli's equation, which states that the sum of kinetic energy plus pressure is constant along a streamline. Compare gap wind, funneling.
Industry:Weather
An instrument for recording ocean waves. Most wave recorders are designed for recording wind waves or swell, that is, waves of periods up to about 25 seconds, but some are designed to record waves of longer periods such as tsunamis or tides. See tide gauge, wave pole.
Industry:Weather
