- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Aerosol having its origin over the continents with industrial, urban, agricultural, forest, and desert sources, with potential for high concentrations of hygroscopic aerosol.
Industry:Weather
Adsorption of a chemical onto a surface in which the strength of the interaction is somewhat stronger than pure physical adsorption, and more like a chemical bond. A bond strength of around 80 kJ mol−1 is often taken to be indicative of a true chemical interaction. In some cases, it is thought that chemical modification of the adsorbed species occurs.
Industry:Weather
A wind that has a component directed perpendicularly to the course (or heading) of an exposed, moving object; more popularly, a wind that predominantly acts in this manner. In the broadest sense, any wind except a direct headwind or direct tailwind is a crosswind. The drift produced by crosswind is critical to air navigation, being especially dangerous during landing and takeoff.
Industry:Weather
A wind that blows across the longitudinal axis of a valley from one sidewall to another. This term is usually applied to a thermally driven (anabatic or katabatic) wind arising when unequal insolation on the two sidewalls causes a strong cross-valley temperature difference. Air then flows toward the more strongly heated sidewall. See mountain–valley wind systems.
Industry:Weather
A weather observing station operated by a cooperative observer (unpaid volunteer) for the purpose of recording climatological observations. This is a unique category of stations in the United States (there are about 6000 of them), but it compares to the third-order climatological station as defined by the World Meteorological Organization. Compare also second-order climatological station.
Industry:Weather
A warm, dry, descending wind in Tunisia, resembling the sirocco. In southern Algeria it is called chichili.
Industry:Weather
A variable represented by a vector quantity in polar coordinates. Wind velocity is such a variable.
Industry:Weather
A very cold, violent, channeled pressure-gradient or gorge wind in the upper Aude Valley in the eastern Pyrenees Mountains.
Industry:Weather
A warm high that has grown out of a ridge and become displaced out of the basic westerly current and lies poleward of this current. Frequently, such highs are also blocking highs. See cutting-off process, cut-off low, warm pool.
Industry:Weather
A unit of thermal insulation, usually applied to clothing or bedcovers. It is defined as the amount of insulation necessary to maintain comfort and a mean skin temperature of 33°C (92°F) for a person who is producing heat at the standard metabolic rate (50 Kcal m−2 of body surface per hour; one met) in an indoor environment characterized by a temperature of 21°C (70°F), relative humidity of less than 50%, and air motion of 6. 1 m min−1. If if is assumed that 76% of the metabolic heat is lost through the clothing, the unit can be defined in physical terms as the insulation that will restrict heat loss to 1 Kcal m−2h−1 with a temperature gradient of 0. 18°C across the fabric. In the first approximation, an insulation of one clo is provided by clothing material with a total thickness of 0. 64 cm and air layers (between skin and clothing and between inner and outer garments) of about 0. 51 cm.
Industry:Weather
