- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A series of satellites operated by the Japanese Meteorological Agency. The GMS program was initiated with the launch of GMS-1 in July 1977. Multi-spectral imagery is provided by a slightly modified version of the VISSR instrument used on GOES satellites. The GMS is positioned at 140°E longitude.
Industry:Weather
Applies to both the satellites themselves and to the overall system of geostationary observations used by the United States. The current operational series of GOES satellites were preceded by the ATS and SMS satellites, with GOES-1 being launched on 16 October 1975. The early GOES (1 through 7) were spin- stabilized spacecraft, while the latest GOES are three-axis stabilized. Two GOES satellites are normally in operation, one at 75° W longitude and the other at 135° W longitude. Before launch, GOES satellites are given a letter designation (e.g., GOES-J) that is changed to a number designation (e.g., GOES-9) when the satellite becomes operational. The current generation of GOES satellites supports separate imager and sounder systems, SEM and DCS. The imager is a five-channel scanning radiometer with a 1-km resolution visible channel, along with slightly lower resolution images in the midinfrared, water vapor, and thermal IR bands. The sounder has 18 thermal infrared bands and a low-resolution visible band.
Industry:Weather
The temperature at which a liquid solidifies under any given set of conditions. It may or may not be the same as the melting point or the more rigidly defined true freezing point or (for water) ice point. It is not an equilibrium property of a substance; it applies to the liquid phase only. The freezing point is somewhat dependent upon the purity of the liquid; the volume and shape of the liquid mass; the availability of freezing nuclei; and the pressure acting upon the liquid. The freezing point is a colligative property of a solution and becomes proportionately lower with an increasing amount of dissolved matter. Therefore, since natural water almost invariably contains some solutes, its freezing point is found to be slightly below 0°C. For example, bulk samples of normal seawater freeze at about −1. 9°C (28. 6°F).
Industry:Weather
The topography of any surface as represented by lines of equal geopotential. These lines are the contours of intersection between the actual surface and the level surfaces (which everywhere are normal to the direction of the force of gravity), and are spaced at equal intervals of dynamic height.
Industry:Weather
The topography of any surface as represented by lines of equal geopotential. These lines are the contours of intersection between the actual surface and the level surfaces (which everywhere are normal to the direction of the force of gravity), and are spaced at equal intervals of dynamic height.
Industry:Weather
As used by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, the number of Fahrenheit degree-days (above and below 32°F) between the highest and lowest points on the cumulative degree-days time curve for one freezing season. For a critical review of the topic see Sakari Tuhkanen (1980). “The freezing index is used as a measure of the combined duration and magnitude of below freezing temperatures occurring during any given freezing season. The index determined for air temperatures at 4. 5 feet above the ground is commonly designated as the air freezing index, while that determined for temperatures immediately below a surface is known as the surface freezing-index. ” (from Glossary of Arctic and Subarctic Terms 1955). Compare thawing index.
Industry:Weather
As used by the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, the number of Fahrenheit degree-days (above and below 32°F) between the highest and lowest points on the cumulative degree-days time curve for one freezing season. For a critical review of the topic see Sakari Tuhkanen (1980). “The freezing index is used as a measure of the combined duration and magnitude of below freezing temperatures occurring during any given freezing season. The index determined for air temperatures at 4. 5 feet above the ground is commonly designated as the air freezing index, while that determined for temperatures immediately below a surface is known as the surface freezing-index. ” (from Glossary of Arctic and Subarctic Terms 1955). Compare thawing index.
Industry:Weather
A U. S. Navy oceanographic satellite that used a radar altimeter to obtain closely spaced, precise mapping of the earth's geoid over the ocean. GEOSAT was launched on 12 March 1985 and produced maps of seafloor topography with unprecedented resolution.
Industry:Weather
The format of GOES I-M imager and sounder data as retransmitted to ground stations.
Industry:Weather
The passage of a front over a point on the earth's surface; or, the transit of an aircraft through a frontal zone.
Industry:Weather
