- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Unit hydrograph resulting from a unit amount of effective precipitation applied to a drainage basin in an infinitesimally short time.
Industry:Weather
Two oblique, colored arcs, convex toward the sun and tangent to the halo of 46° at points below the altitude of the sun. These arcs are produced by refraction (90° effective prism angle) in hexagonal columnar ice crystals the principal axes of which are horizontal but randomly directed in azimuth. If the sun's elevation exceeds about 68° the arcs cannot appear. A complementary pair of arcs, the supralateral tangent arcs, occasionally may be observed above the solar altitude.
Industry:Weather
Type of impactor in which particles are collected in a liquid rather than on a solid surface. A drawback is that soluble gases can also be collected.
Industry:Weather
Unintentional change of weather due to anthropogenic activities.
Industry:Weather
Unintentional changes in climate caused by anthropogenic activities, whether local, regional, or global.
Industry:Weather
Two forecast integrations with the same NWP model, started from slightly different initial conditions, aimed at studying atmospheric error growth. Compare fraternal twin integrations.
Industry:Weather
Turbulence with a constant average shear stress throughout the field, for example, Couette flow. See also isotropic turbulence.
Industry:Weather
Turbulence in which the products and squares of the velocity components and their derivatives are independent of direction, or, more precisely, invariant with respect to rotation and reflection of the coordinate axes in a coordinate system moving with the mean motion of the fluid. Then all the normal stresses are equal and the tangential stresses are zero. Atmospheric turbulence is generally nonisotropic, although isotropic turbulence is that most easily produced in wind tunnel experiments and forms the basis of much of the theoretical analysis of turbulent flow. A related but less restricted type of turbulence is known as homologous turbulence, in which the fluctuations differ only in scale at every point in the flow. See stress tensor, Reynolds stresses.
Industry:Weather
Times at which surface synoptic observations are made, that is, 0300, 0900, 1500 and 2100 UTC.
Industry:Weather
Turbulence in which spatial derivatives of all mean turbulent quantities are negligible. Sufficiently far downstream, grid turbulence is considered to be approximately homogeneous.
Industry:Weather
