- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A brief (1000 years), relatively warm period within a glacial, during which climate, glaciers, and sea levels are between glacial and interglacial extremes. A period of glacier retreat as opposed to a “stadial” period of glacier advance.
Industry:Weather
1. Tightly held water on soil particle surfaces as a result of adhesion; this water is essentially unavailable to vegetation. 2. Water held by soil under specific relative humidity and temperature conditions (usually 98% relative humidity and 25°C).
Industry:Weather
1. The motion imparted to a floating body by wave action. It includes both the vertical rise and fall, and the horizontal transport. 2. The up-and-down motion of the center of gravity of a ship. See surge, sway, ship motion.
Industry:Weather
1. The low pressure center located near Iceland (mainly between Iceland and southern Greenland) on mean charts of sea level pressure. It is a principal center of action in the atmospheric circulation of the Northern Hemisphere. It is most intense during winter, having a January central pressure below 996 mb. In summer, it not only weakens but also tends to split into two centers, one near Davis Strait and the other west of Iceland. Like its Pacific counterpart, the Aleutian low, its daily position and intensity vary greatly so that it is best regarded as a region where migratory lows tend to slow up and deepen. 2. Any low, on a synoptic chart, centered near Iceland.
Industry:Weather
1. The indicating part of an instrument; for example, the hand of a watch or the meniscus of a mercury column. 2. See circulation index. 3. See zonal index.
Industry:Weather
1. The assumption that the atmosphere is in hydrostatic equilibrium. 2. Same as quasi-hydrostatic approximation. 3. An approximation in geophysical fluid dynamics that is based on the assumption that the horizontal scale is large compared to the vertical scale, such that the vertical pressure gradient may be given as the product of density times the gravitational acceleration. See hydrostatic balance.
Industry:Weather
1. The amount of precipitation caught on vegetation or structures that is subsequently evaporated without reaching the ground. 2. The process by which precipitation is caught and retained on vegetation or structures, which afterward either reaches the ground as throughfall or is evaporated. As a general rule, this loss to runoff or stream discharge only occurs at the beginning of a storm. 3. The loss of sunshine, a part of which may be intercepted by hills, trees, or tall buildings. This loss must be accounted for when evaluating instrumental records of sunshine. 4. The loss of a portion of the solar spectrum due to absorption and scattering by atmospheric gases and aerosols; commonly refers to the absorption of ultraviolet radiation by ozone and aerosols.
Industry:Weather
1. Study of the atmospheric and terrestrial phases of the hydrological cycle with emphasis on the interrelationship between them. 2. Meteorology plus hydrology. Many countries use the word in this sense to name the official service charged with the dual responsibility of weather and hydrologic functions. 3. (Rare. ) That branch of meteorology that deals with the hydrometeors.
Industry:Weather
1. Sometimes used for an inviscid, incompressible fluid. 2. Same as inviscid fluid.
Industry:Weather
