- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
Un coefficiente di tasso di primo ordine (in unità di tempo inverso) per il verificarsi di una reazione fotochimica. Il valore di j è calcolato dal prodotto dell'assorbimento sezione della molecola photolyzed, il rendimento quantico per il processo e il flusso attinico, tutti integrati sopra la regione di lunghezza d'onda di interesse. Vedi actinometer.
Industry:Weather
Uno strumento per la determinazione del contenuto di polvere di un campione di aria. Una forma dello strumento è costituito da un tubo conico di metallo attraverso cui un campione di aria è disegnato e permesso di interferire su di un vetrino coperto con una sostanza vischiosa. Le particelle catturate sono conteggiate e misurate con l'aiuto di un microscopio. Vedere il contatore di polvere.
Industry:Weather
A regionális éghajlat-meghatározó befolyása alatt a a tenger, viszonylag kis évszakos és magas légköri nedvességtartalomra vonatkozóan; az ellentéte az éghajlat mérsékelt kontinentális.
Industry:Weather
Any of a class of instruments for sizing and counting large numbers of individual aerosols or hydrometeors to characterize populations, or also for imaging and classifying the shapes of individual hydrometeors by measuring the optical illumination, scattering, or attenuation of a laser beam by each particle and recording the result electronically. Included are optical scattering probes and optical imaging probes. Primarily airborne instruments, they can be adapted for stationary use at the surface for precipitation or fog monitoring, in some cases with forced ventilation to create a particle flux.
Industry:Weather
The separation of different Fourier components of a finite-difference approximation into a train of oscillations that travel with different speeds. Numerical dispersion occurs whenever the dispersion relation for the difference approximation is nonlinear.
Industry:Weather
A northeast wind, particularly a strong wind or gale. Two well-known examples are the black northeaster of Australia and New Zealand and the northeast storm of the east coast of North America.
Industry:Weather
The integration of the governing equations of hydrodynamics by numerical methods subject to specified initial conditions. Numerical approximations are fundamental to almost all dynamical weather prediction schemes since the complexity and nonlinearity of the hydrodynamic equations do not allow exact solutions of the continuous equations. See numerical integration, numerical simulation.
Industry:Weather
1. The integration of an analytical expression or of discrete or continuous data by approximate numerical methods. These methods usually involve fitting sample curves to successive groupings or sets of the data and performing the integration step-wise. 2. A solution of the governing equations of hydrodynamics by numerical methods. The numerical solutions are carried out with the aid of computers ranging from desktop workstations to the most powerful computers available. The latter are required, in particular, for the timely production of operational global weather forecasts. See finite differencing, finite-element model, spectral model.
Industry:Weather
1. Same as ozonosphere. 2. Generally, any layer in the atmosphere in which there is a maximum of ozone concentration.
Industry:Weather
A region of the atmosphere from about 15 to 60 km (roughly the extent of the stratosphere) that contains large concentrations of ozone. The ozone concentration peaks at about 10<sup>13</sup> molecules per cubic centimeter near 20 km, while the mixing ratio peaks at slightly higher altitude (about 9–10 ppm at 30 km). Ozone in this region is produced from photolysis of O<sub>2</sub> molecules and is destroyed by reactions involving the oxides of nitrogen, chlorine, and hydrogen. Because of the strong UV absorption spectrum of ozone, the ozone layer effectively limits penetration of UV radiation to the earth's surface to wavelengths longer than 290 nm.
Industry:Weather
