- 行业: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A seasonal, eastward flowing ocean current of the Indian Ocean. See North Equatorial Current, North Equatorial Countercurrent, South Equatorial Countercurrent.
Industry:Weather
Type of climate found in regions subject to monsoons and characterized by a dry winter and a wet summer. The monsoon climate is best developed on the fringes of the Tropics (e.g., India). The Indian subcontinent has a long winter–spring dry season that includes a “cold season” followed by a short “hot season” just preceding the rains; a summer and an early autumn rainy season that is usually very wet but varies greatly from year to year; and a secondary maximum of temperature right after the rainy season.
Industry:Weather
(Derived from Arabic mausim, a season. ) A name for seasonal winds. It was first applied to the winds over the Arabian Sea, which blow for six months from northeast and for six months from southwest, but it has been extended to similar winds in other parts of the world. Even in Europe the prevailing west to northwest winds of summer have been called the “European monsoon. ” The primary cause is the much greater annual variation of temperature over large land areas compared with neighboring ocean surfaces, causing an excess of pressure over the continents in winter and a deficit in summer, but other factors such as the relief features of the land have a considerable effect. The monsoons are strongest on the southern and eastern sides of Asia, the largest landmass, but monsoons also occur on the coasts of tropical regions wherever the planetary circulation is not strong enough to inhibit them. They have been described in Spain, northern Australia, Africa except the Mediterranean, Texas, and the western coasts of the United States and Chile. In India the term is popularly applied chiefly to the southwest monsoon and, by extension, to the rains which it brings. See brisa, elephanta; compare etesians, meltém.
Industry:Weather
Radiation taken over a sufficiently small spectral interval that the radiance is invariant with wavelength. Compare narrowband radiation, broadband radiation.
Industry:Weather
The most common radar system configuration, with the radar receiver at the same location as the radar transmitter. In such a system, surfaces of constant range are spheres centered at the radar site, and only the radial component of target velocity causes a Doppler frequency shift. Compare bistatic radar.
Industry:Weather
1. Characterized by a single frequency. For example, a monochromatic (or time harmonic) electromagnetic wave is one with a single frequency. Although monochromatic originally meant characterized by a single hue, the term has been extended to electromagnetic radiation beyond the visible spectrum and even to waves that are not electromagnetic. 2. In radar, radiometry, and lidar, of or pertaining to a single wavelength. See coherence.
Industry:Weather
Transport of a property of air known as momentum, which is the product of mass and velocity of the air, from one location to another.
Industry:Weather
For a system of point masses, the sum of the product of each mass and the square of its perpendicular (minimum) distance from a given axis. For a continuous mass distribution, the sum becomes an integral. In general, moment of inertia is a tensor because moments of inertia are different for three orthogonal axes. Moment of inertia plays a similar role in angular momentum to that which mass (inertia) plays in linear momentum.
Industry:Weather
The heat capacity of a system divided by the number of moles in that system.
Industry:Weather
A measure of the concentration of a dissolved species in a solution. The molarity is defined in terms of the number of moles of the compound dissolved per liter of solution. Compare molality.
Industry:Weather
