- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The study of microclimate. It includes the study of profiles of temperature, moisture, and wind in the lowest stratum of air, the effect of the vegetation and of shelterbelts, and the effect of towns and buildings in modifying the macroclimate. The study of the “microclimate” of confined spaces is termed cryptoclimatology, and that of plant communities, phytoclimatology. Compare macroclimate, mesoclimate.
Industry:Weather
The fine climatic structure of the air space that extends from the very surface of the earth to a height where the effects of the immediate character of the underlying surface no longer can be distinguished from the general local climate (mesoclimate or macroclimate). The microclimate varies with and in turn is superimposed upon the larger-scale conditions. While some rigid limits have been placed on the thickness of the layer concerned, it is more realistic to consider variable thicknesses. (Observe the microclimate of a putting green versus that of a redwood forest. ) Generally, four times the height of surface growth or structures defines the level where microclimatic overtones disappear. Microclimate can be subdivided into as many different classes as there are types of underlying surface. With sufficient detail, this could be almost limitless. Currently, the most studied broad types are the “urban microclimate,” affected by pavement, buildings, air pollution, dense inhabitation, etc. , the “vegetation microclimate,” concerned with the complex nature of the air space occupied by vegetation, and its effects upon the vegetation (see phytoclimatology); and the microclimate of confined spaces (the cryptoclimate) of houses, greenhouses, caves, etc.
Industry:Weather
A downburst that covers an area less than 4 km along a side with peak winds that last 2–5 minutes. Differential velocity across the divergence center is greater than 10 m s<sup>−1</sup>. The strong wind shears associated with a microburst can result in aircraft accidents.
Industry:Weather
Sensitive barometer used to record continuously on an enlarged scale the short period variations of pressure.
Industry:Weather
An aneroid barograph designed to record atmospheric pressure variations of very small magnitude.
Industry:Weather
That portion of the record of a microbarograph between any two (or a specified small number of) successive crossings of the average pressure level (in the same direction); analogous to microseism.
Industry:Weather
A contraction for “meteorology” often heard among personnel in the military weather services.
Industry:Weather
Unsaturated carbonyl compound, formula CH<sub>3</sub>C(O)CH=CH<sub>2</sub>, or 3-oxybutene. One of the major products of isoprene oxidation in the atmosphere.
Industry:Weather
An organic compound, formula CH<sub>3</sub>I, present in the atmosphere as the result of its production in the oceans by marine algae. It is subject to rapid photolysis in the lower atmosphere (with a lifetime of a few days).
Industry:Weather
