- 行业: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A colloquial contraction for meteorology, occasionally used in a technical sense, especially in aviation. It can also refer to a meteorologist.
Industry:Weather
A brass weight, usually hinged and with a latch so that it can be fastened around a wire, used to actuate Nansen bottles and other oceanographic instruments after they have been lowered to the desired depth.
Industry:Weather
A type of climate characterized by moderate temperatures, that is, a region lacking the constant heat of the Tropics or the constant cold of the polar caps; middle latitude climate with definite seasonal rhythm in temperature, with amplitude ranges reaching maximum for the earth in the north intermediate zone. This is a (C) climate under the Köppen classification (1931) and, as defined by Thornthwaite's climatic classification scheme (1948), this is a climate with annual potential evapotranspiration between 57 and 114 cm. Compare megathermal climate, microthermal climate.
Industry:Weather
A type of plant life that requires moderate temperatures for full growth; moisture is not a limiting factor. Compare megatherm, microtherm.
Industry:Weather
There are two zonal jet streams in the layer known as the mesosphere. In January, there is a westerly (blowing from the west) jet located at 70 km between 25° and 45°N with a maximum wind of 60 m s<sup>−1</sup>. There is also an easterly jet of comparable intensity located between 30° and 50°S. In July, the direction of the mesospheric jet in each hemisphere is reversed. The westerly jet in the southern hemisphere in July descends to a somewhat lower level (about 50 km) and has a stronger intensity (about 100 m s<sup>−1</sup>)
Industry:Weather
The region of the atmosphere lying above the stratosphere and extending from the stratopause at about 50 km height to the mesopause at 85–95 km. The mesosphere is characterized by decreasing temperature with increasing height, reflecting the decreasing absorption of solar ultraviolet radiation by ozone. Many features of the mesosphere remain poorly understood since in situ measurements are difficult. The region is too high for balloon operations and too low for satellites to orbit. Rockets, while useful, usually travel too rapidly through the region to produce reliable measurements. See atmospheric shell.
Industry:Weather
A model designed to simulate mesoscale atmospheric phenomena. Such models can include analytic solutions of a set of simplified equations governing atmospheric motion, scale models of particular geographic regions, and numerical integrations, including numerical weather prediction models that can resolve mesoscale circulations. See nonhydrostatic model.
Industry:Weather
Same as disturbance except that the atmospheric feature has a Rossby number of order 1 and exhibits a horizontal scale comparable to the Rossby radius of deformation. For such systems, both ageostrophic advection and rotational influences are important.
Industry:Weather
A cloud system that occurs in connection with an ensemble of thunderstorms and produces a contiguous precipitation area on the order of 100 km or more in horizontal scale in at least one direction. An MCS exhibits deep, moist convective overturning contiguous with or embedded within a mesoscale vertical circulation that is at least partially driven by the convective overturning.
Industry:Weather
A subset of mesoscale convective systems (MCS) that exhibit a large, circular (as observed by satellite), long-lived, cold cloud shield. The cold cloud shield must exhibit the following physical characteristics.
Industry:Weather
