- 行业: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The region in which dynamical motions are strongly influenced, or even dominated, by the earth's magnetic field as a result of plasma effects. The magnetosphere extends from the F-region of the ionosphere to the magnetopause. See atmospheric shell.
Industry:Weather
The sharp boundary between the earth's magnetosphere and the solar wind of interplanetary space. The magnetopause represents the outer termination of the earth's atmosphere and extends from a distance of several earth-radii in the sunward direction to a much larger and rather indefinite distance in the anti-sunward direction, resulting in a cometlike shape with a long tail directed away from the sun.
Industry:Weather
General name for an instrument that measures the earth's magnetic field intensity. See sine galvanometer.
Industry:Weather
The theory of the propagation of electromagnetic waves by an ionized medium in an external magnetic field. It applies to the propagation of radio waves in the ionosphere. See also magnetic double refraction.
Industry:Weather
A worldwide disturbance of the earth's magnetic field. Magnetic storms are frequently characterized by a sudden onset, in which the magnetic field undergoes marked changes in the course of an hour or less, followed by a very gradual return to normalcy, which may take several days. If extreme enough, they may interfere with the operation of electrical power lines and the operation of artificial satellites. Magnetic storms are caused by solar disturbances, though the exact nature of the link between the solar and terrestrial disturbances is not totally understood. They are more frequent during years of high sunspot number. Sometimes a magnetic storm can be linked to a particular coronal mass ejection. In these cases, the time between the ejection and onset of the magnetic storm is about one or two days. When these disturbances are observable only in the auroral zones, they may be termed polar magnetic storms. See also M-region.
Industry:Weather
The study of the behavior of an electrically conducting fluid in the presence of a magnetic field.
Industry:Weather
A cup anemometer with its shaft mechanically coupled to a magneto. Both the frequency and amplitude of the voltage generated are proportional to the wind speed and may be indicated or recorded by suitable electrical instruments.
Industry:Weather
The direction, with respect to magnetic north, from which the wind is blowing; distinguish from true north direction. Magnetic winds are frequently used in aircraft operation, necessitated by the magnetic frame of reference applied to air navigation facilities (such as designation of runway alignment).
Industry:Weather
A worldwide disturbance of the earth's magnetic field. Magnetic storms are frequently characterized by a sudden onset, in which the magnetic field undergoes marked changes in the course of an hour or less, followed by a very gradual return to normalcy, which may take several days. If extreme enough, they may interfere with the operation of electrical power lines and the operation of artificial satellites. Magnetic storms are caused by solar disturbances, though the exact nature of the link between the solar and terrestrial disturbances is not totally understood. They are more frequent during years of high sunspot number. Sometimes a magnetic storm can be linked to a particular coronal mass ejection. In these cases, the time between the ejection and onset of the magnetic storm is about one or two days. When these disturbances are observable only in the auroral zones, they may be termed polar magnetic storms. See also M-region.
Industry:Weather
