- 行业: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The twilight stage during which the sun's unrefracted center is at elevation angles −6° > ''h''<sub>0</sub> > −12°. During a clear evening's nautical twilight, horizontal illuminance decreases from ∼3. 5–2 lux to ∼0. 008 lux. At nautical twilight's bright upper limit, the brightest stars are visible and the (ocean) horizon is distinct. At its dark lower limit, the horizon is generally invisible.
Industry:Weather
어디에 바람은 사이 클론의 옮기기와 회전 속도 감 때문에 약한 (오른쪽으로 남반구에서), 북반구에서 폭풍우의 운동의 방향 왼쪽에 열 대 사이 클론의 측면. 위험 반원 비교.
Industry:Weather
A very soluble, acidic gas, formula HNO<sub>3</sub>, the end product of the oxidation of emitted gases. It is a major component of acidic precipitation in continental regions. In the clean background troposphere, its removal in precipitation acts as a sink for odd hydrogen and nitrogen compounds and limits the formation of ozone.
Industry:Weather
(Symbol N. ) A colorless, tasteless, odorless gaseous element, atomic number 7, atomic weight 14. 007. It is the most abundant constituent of the atmosphere, amounting to 78. 09% by volume of dry air. The molecular formula for nitrogen gas is N<sub>2</sub>; its molecular weight is 28. 016. Nitrogen enters the atmosphere from volcanoes and from the decay of organic matter. It is removed from the atmosphere by certain natural nitrogen-fixing bacteria for use in plant life processes. Free nitrogen is very inactive, but can be broken down by high-energy reactions such as occur in lightning, high temperature combustion, or in the upper atmosphere. Nitrogen-containing compounds are very reactive and play integral roles in the production and destruction of ozone in the atmosphere. Atomic nitrogen, N, occurs in significant quantities only at altitudes above about 100 km.
Industry:Weather
A brown gas, formula NO<sub>2</sub>, found at all levels in the atmosphere. In the troposphere it photodissociates to give free oxygen atoms, which then form ozone, and is thus a key player in local and regional air pollution events. In the stratosphere it participates in catalytic ozone destruction cycles, but also forms stable nitrate reservoir species that ameliorate ozone loss.
Industry:Weather
Family of compounds in which nitrogen is bound to oxygen. The most abundant is nitrous oxide, formula N<sub>2</sub>O, which is relatively unreactive. Nitric oxide (NO) and nitrogen dioxide (NO<sub>2</sub>) are highly reactive, and are present in much lower amounts in the atmosphere. Together, NO and NO<sub>2</sub> are classed as odd nitrogen, or active nitrogen.
Industry:Weather
The incorporation of gaseous molecular nitrogen, N<sub>2</sub>, into nitrogenous compounds. Abiotic fixation of N<sub>2</sub> occurs via lightning and photochemical conversion in the atmosphere. Biotic fixation of N<sub>2</sub> is done by specialized bacteria that construct the hemoglobin-like enzymes necessary to cleave the strong triple bond of molecular nitrogen.
Industry:Weather
