- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
The average observed or computed wind (direction and speed) at flight level for a given sector of an air route. Sectors for over-ocean flights usually consist of 10 degrees of longitude. Compare track wind, spot wind.
Industry:Weather
The angle between a straight line from a point on the earth's surface to the satellite and a line from the same point on the earth's surface that is perpendicular to the earth's surface at that point (the zenith point). Compare solar zenith angle.
Industry:Weather
The atmospheric pressure computed for the level of the station elevation. This may or may not be the same as either the climatological station pressure or the actual pressure, the difference being attributable to the difference in reference elevations. Station pressure is usually the base value from which sea level pressure and altimeter setting are determined.
Industry:Weather
The altitude (and its corresponding pressure ''P<sub>sat</sub>'') to which an air parcel must be lifted dry-adiabatically or lowered moist-adiabatically to be just saturated (100% relative humidity with no liquid water present). For unsaturated air, this is commonly known as the lifting condensation level. Saturation level is a conserved variable that does not change during adiabatic lifting or lowering of saturated or unsaturated air and can thus be used as a tracer for that air parcel. When paired with the corresponding saturation air temperature at that altitude, the result is a saturation point that can be represented on a thermodynamic diagram.
Industry:Weather
The atmospheric pressure at mean sea level, either directly measured or, most commonly, empirically determined from the observed station pressure. In regions where the earth's surface is above sea level, it is standard observational practice to reduce the observed surface pressure to the value that would exist at a point at sea level directly below if air of a temperature corresponding to that actually present at the surface were present all the way down to sea level. In actual practice, the mean temperature for the preceding 12 hours is employed, rather than the current temperature. This “reduction of pressure to sea level” is responsible for many anomalies in the pressure field in mountainous areas on the surface synoptic chart.
Industry:Weather
The assumption that the solution of a partial differential equation is equal to a product of functions, each being a function of only one of the independent variables. Each function then satisfies an ordinary differential equation and the original equation is said to be separable. This method has been widely applied in linear boundary value problems admitting permanent waves as solutions.
Industry:Weather
The assumption that the height dependence of scalar quantities and wind speed in the atmospheric boundary layer, after appropriate scaling, exhibits universal behavior. The appropriate similarity scales depend on the height above the surface and the static stability.
Industry:Weather
The aspect of the sky in reference to the cloud cover. The state of the sky is fully described when the amounts, kinds, directions of movement, and heights of all clouds are given.
Industry:Weather
The areal density of lightning discharges over a given region during some specified period of time, as number per square mile or per square kilometer.
Industry:Weather
The area that contributes to the increase of the water stored in the saturated zone of an aquifer.
Industry:Weather
