- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
- Number of blossaries: 0
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
An increase in temperature with height produced by the adiabatic warming of a layer of subsiding air. This inversion is enhanced by vertical mixing in the air layer below the inversion.
Industry:Weather
An imaginary volume of fluid to which may be assigned various thermodynamic and kinematic quantities. The size of a parcel is arbitrary but is generally much smaller than the characteristic scale of variability of its environment.
Industry:Weather
An imaginary bundle of propagating electromagnetic or acoustic energy, the lateral dimensions of which are negligible. It is impossible to isolate a ray. Nevertheless, rays are useful conceptual devices if used with a knowledge of their limitations. For example, the rainbow can be described by imagining sunlight incident on a raindrop to be subdivided into many rays, each of which obeys the laws of (specular) reflection and refraction. Because rays do not exist, ray optics (or geometrical optics) is an approximation.
Industry:Weather
An ice crystal formed by a process other than homogeneous or heterogeneous nucleation, as by shatter of a drop freezing on accretion, or breakup of an ice particle on evaporation. See ice multiplication.
Industry:Weather
An explicit time difference approximation in which terms contributing to high frequencies of the total solution are integrated using relatively small time steps, while terms contributing to lower frequencies are integrated using relatively long time steps. See implicit time difference.
Industry:Weather
An experimental apparatus intended to represent, for modeling purposes, the geometric and dynamic effects of the earth's sphericity. It is composed of two concentric spheres (usually glass) of different radii. The space between them is filled with some working fluid and the entire shell is rotated. The inner sphere represents the surface of the earth, and the outer sphere is an artificial upper limit of the model atmosphere.
Industry:Weather
An evaluation of certain meteorological elements observed at a specified point on or near an airport runway. Temperature, wind speed and direction, ceiling, and visibility are among the elements frequently observed at such locations because of the importance of these data to aircraft landing and takeoff operations. See runway temperature, runway visibility, runway visual range.
Industry:Weather
An established unit of measure, reference instrument, or method appropriate for the calibration of other instruments.
Industry:Weather
