- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
A station at which observations of atmospheric pressure, temperature, humidity, winds, clouds, and weather are made at least twice daily at fixed hours, and at which the daily maximum and minimum of temperature, the daily amount of precipitation, and the duration of bright sunshine are observed. Compare second-order station; See'' also'' first-order climatological station, third-order climatological station, climatological substation, precipitation station.
Industry:Weather
A statement of the conservation of energy applied to a given surface. The main terms involved include the vertical fluxes of energy into or out of the surface due to net radiation, sensible heat, and latent heat, as well as the net horizontal fluxes of energy that may take place below the surface (e.g., due to ocean currents). Any nonzero residual flux is typically applied as a storage term, increasing or decreasing the internal energy below the surface, usually resulting in an associated change of surface temperature.
Industry:Weather
A station where only observations of precipitation are made. See third-order climatological station.
Industry:Weather
A station at which the only regular measurements made are those of rainfall.
Industry:Weather
A special type of radar target tied beneath a free balloon and designed to be an efficient reflector of radio energy. Such targets usually consist of a corner reflector and are made of some reflecting material stretched over styrofoam, or light wooden or metal struts.
Industry:Weather
A station at which meteorological observations are made for the purposes of synoptic analysis. The observations are made at the main synoptic times of 0000, 0600, 1200, 1800 UTC and normally at the intermediate synoptic hours of 0300, 0900, 1500, 2100 UTC and are entered into a coded format for dissemination.
Industry:Weather
A state or condition characterized by regular repetition in time or space. See period.
Industry:Weather
A standard wave spectrum representing a fully developed sea. The form of the spectrum is dependent only on the wind speed. The Pierson–Moskowitz frequency would be the minimum peak frequency a wind sea can attain for a given wind speed.
Industry:Weather
A stable cross section of a channel, often man-made or on bedrock, that is used for monitoring measurements of depth and velocity.
Industry:Weather
A squall, with wind speeds occasionally exceeding 13 m s<sup>−1</sup> (30 mph), in the Malacca Strait between Malay and Sumatra during the southwest monsoon (April through November). It usually blows from the southwest, sometimes from the west or northwest, raising a heavy sea on the Malay coast. The wind veers and strengthens and a heavy bank or arch of cumulonimbus arcus passes overhead (arched squall) with heavy rain and often thunder. Sumatras usually occur at night; they bring a sudden drop in temperature and are generally due to the descent of air cooled by radiation on the high ground of northern Sumatra. In a few cases they mark an air mass boundary during the advance of the monsoon. They are said to occur simultaneously along a line of 320 km (200 miles) or more that advances in a direction between southeast and northeast at about 9 m s<sup>−1</sup> (20 mph).
Industry:Weather
