- 行业: Weather
- Number of terms: 60695
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
1. The act of determining the proportionality factor or radar constant that relates the radar reflectivity of a target to the power measured at the output of a radar receiver. 2. The numerical value of the radar constant that associates target reflectivity and measured power. See radar equation.
Industry:Weather
1. Same as ocean. 2. A subdivision of an ocean. All seas except “inland seas” are physically interconnected parts of the earth's total saltwater system. Two types are distinguished, mediterranean and adjacent. Mediterraneans are groups of seas, collectively separated from the major water body as an individual sea. Adjacent seas are those connected individually to the larger body. 3. Same as state of the sea. 4. Sea surface waves within their fetch; opposed to swell. See fully developed sea.
Industry:Weather
1. Same as Helmholtz instability. 2. A complex hydrodynamic instability phenomenon exhibited by a stratified shear flow. A necessary condition for this type of instability is that the local Richardson number is somewhere less than one-quarter.
Industry:Weather
1. Same as Helmholtz wave. 2. A wave propagating within an elastic solid.
Industry:Weather
1. That branch of the study of atmospheric electricity concerned with the electrical charge carried by precipitation particles and with the manner in which these charges are acquired. 2. The electrical charge borne by precipitation particles. A very complex and highly variable picture is obtained when charges are measured on individual raindrops or snow crystals and no present theory approaches a complete explanation of all details. In general, more raindrops are positively than negatively charged. Sometimes the prevailing sign of the charges even shifts in the course of a given storm's lifetime. See precipitation current; Compare ion-capture theory.
Industry:Weather
1. Techniques that use the variation in the spectral reflectance or emittance of objects as a method of identification. 2. Methods, such as the Dvorak and Scofield–Oliver techniques, that use satellite imagery to estimate intensities or trends of meteorological features.
Industry:Weather
1. Specifically, on a synoptic surface chart, an area over which precipitation is falling. 2. In radar, the region in space containing precipitation echoes.
Industry:Weather
1. Specifically, ice formed by the freezing of seawater; as opposed, principally, to land ice. In brief, it forms first as lolly ice (frazil crystals), thickens into sludge, and coagulates into sheet ice, pancake ice, or into floes of various shapes and sizes. Thereafter, sea ice may develop into pack ice and/or become a form of pressure ice. 2. Generally, any ice floating in the sea.
Industry:Weather
