- 行业: Weather
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The American Meteorological Society promotes the development and dissemination of information and education on the atmospheric and related oceanic and hydrologic sciences and the advancement of their professional applications. Founded in 1919, AMS has a membership of more than 14,000 professionals, ...
On a tropopause chart, a line drawn to show the edge of a tropopause “leaf. ”
See tropopause, multiple tropopause.
Industry:Weather
Often, in thermodynamics, the same as state variable or thermodynamic variable. Some authors, however, use state variable for pressure, temperature, and specific volume, and then refer to other thermodynamics quantities depending on these or other variables as functions of state.
Industry:Weather
On a thermodynamic diagram, an isopleth representing saturation mixing ratio, or saturation specific humidity, or other moisture variable.
Industry:Weather
On a surface chart, a low or trough about which the isobars display a pronounced “V” shape, with the point of the “V” usually extending equatorward from the parent low. This term is most frequently found in European literature, where it is applied mainly to the southern extension of frontal troughs associated with deep lows that have migrated across the North Atlantic Ocean. See depression.
Industry:Weather
Often synonymous with transmissivity, but may also be used for transmitted irradiance.
Industry:Weather
Newly formed, flat sea or lake ice, usually between 2 and 8 in. Thick. Further growth renders it winter ice.
Industry:Weather
Often 2π divided by wavelength but also may be simply reciprocal wavelength (used especially in infrared spectroscopy). According to the first definition, wavenumber is the number of waves in a distance 2π (units are those of wavelength). See amplitude.
Industry:Weather
Occurs when a radio meteor is illuminated by an unmodulated radio wave, the reflected wave being shifted in frequency because of the Doppler effect. The difference between the frequencies of the transmitted and reflected waves can be transformed into an audio signal, the frequency of which changes because of the changing motion of the meteor relative to the receiver. Whistling meteors get their name from the sound they produce in radio receivers, not because they are directly audible (although some meteors are).
Industry:Weather
Of the three standard turbulence length scales, the one for which viscous dissipation begins to affect the eddies. Thus it marks the transition from the inertial subrange to the dissipation range. Compare integral length scales, Kolmogorov microscale.
Industry:Weather
Naturally occurring hydrocarbons, emitted by many trees and plants. They mostly have very strong smells and are responsible for the aromas of the vegetation in which they are found. Terpenes can be thought of as being built from units of isoprene, C<sub>5</sub>H<sub>8</sub>, joined together into chains and rings. Monoterpenes, formula C<sub>10</sub>H<sub>16</sub>, constitute the major emissions from conifers and fruit trees. Sesquiterpenes, formula C<sub>15</sub>H<sub>24</sub>, are commonly found in citrus trees. Terpenes are very reactive and may contribute to diminution of air quality in forested areas. The name comes from turpentine, a liquid consisting of several terpene compounds distilled from the resin of pine trees.
Industry:Weather
