- 行业: Earth science
- Number of terms: 93452
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
Founded in 1941, the American Congress on Surveying and Mapping (ACSM) is an international association representing the interests of professionals in surveying, mapping and communicating spatial data relating to the Earth's surface. Today, ACSM's members include more than 7,000 surveyors, ...
The conjunction of a planet whose orbit lies within the Earth's, when the planet is between the Earth and the Sun. Usually referred to simply as inferior conjunction.
Industry:Earth science
The difference between corresponding angles made by a specified kind of curve, on a rotational ellipsoid (spheroid), with two meridians on that ellipsoid. The curve is usually specified to be a geodesic. The resulting convergence has been termed the spheroidal geodesic convergence.
Industry:Earth science
A survey done to increase the number of control stations within a given region, the additional stations being of the same or a lower order of accuracy than that already existing in the region.
Industry:Earth science
An equation derived from observation and/or condition equations by including undetermined multipliers (Lagrangian multipliers) and expressing the condition that the sum of the squares of the residuals (or corrections) resulting from the application of these multipliers to the condition equations shall be a minimum. In adjusting triangulation by the method of least squares, correlate equations are formed directly from the observation and condition equations, there being as many correlate equations as there are corrections to be determined, but only as many undetermined multipliers as there are condition equations. From these correlate equations, new equations are formed equal in number to the number of undetermined multipliers which constitute the unknowns. Solving these equations determines values for the multipliers which, when substituted into the correlate equations, give values for the corrections which satisfy the condition equations, make the measurements and their functions consistent among themselves, and make the adjusted values the most probable that can be derived from the given measurements.
Industry:Earth science
The upper and lower limits of the values, of a random variable, within which there is a pre-assigned probability (confidence) that a measurement or observation will be found. If the value lies outside those limits, there is only a small probability that the measurement occurred by chance.
Industry:Earth science
A self-reading leveling rod on which graduations are marked by alternately black and white, tenth of foot divisions. Each division consists of three hexagons in either black or white. The rod is no longer used.
Industry:Earth science
(1) A post set as a monument to mark the corner of a section, quarter section, township, etc. (2) A post set to mark a corner on any boundary, public or private.
Industry:Earth science
A day introduced into the calendar in certain years to make the calendar agree with the tropical year. The 29th of February is such a day.
Industry:Earth science
(1) A conveyance of an estate to another for years, for life, or at will. Most commonly, for years. (2) A lease. Demise is synonymous with lease or let. Use of the term in a lease imports a covenant for quiet enjoyment.
Industry:Earth science
