- 行业: Government; Health care
- Number of terms: 6957
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of 11 agencies that compose the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The NCI, established under the National Cancer Institute Act of 1937, is the Federal Government's principal agency for ...
A recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against human CC chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2) with potential antineoplastic activity. Carlumab binds to and inhibits CLL2, which may result in inhibition of angiogenesis and, so, tumor cell proliferation. Endothelium-derived CLL2 (monocyte chemoattractant protein; MCP1) is a member of the beta-chemokine family, can stimulate monocyte/macrophage migration and smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation, and plays a role in angiogenesis and tumor cell migration; CCL2 induction of angiogenesis may involve the upregulation of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expression which, in turn, induces vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A) gene expression.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant monoclonal antibody directed against the insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor (IGF1R) with potential antineoplastic activity. Dalotuzumab binds to membrane-bound IGF1R, preventing binding of the ligand IGF1 and the subsequent triggering of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway; inhibition of this survival signaling pathway may result in the inhibition of tumor cell proliferation and the induction of tumor cell apoptosis. The activation of IGF1R, a tyrosine kinase and a member of the insulin receptor family, stimulates cell proliferation, enables oncogenic transformation, and suppresses apoptosis; IGF1R signaling has been highly implicated in tumorigenesis and metastasis.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant nonapeptide used as an antineoplastic vaccine. NY-ESO-1b peptide vaccine contains the amino acid sequence SLLMWITQC, derived from the cancer-testis tumor antigen (NY-ESO-1), which is expressed on tumor cells of many different types, including melanomas. Vaccination with this peptide vaccine may elicit strong humoral and cellular immune responses to NY-ESO-1-expressing cancers.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant oncolytic adenovirus encoding the immunohematopoietic cytokine granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the oncolytic adenovirus selectively infects and replicates in tumor cells, which may result in tumor cells lysis. Synergistically, GM-CSF (sargramostim) expressed by the oncolytic adenovirus may promote a cytotoxic T cell response against tumor cells harboring the oncolytic adenovirus, resulting in an immune-mediated tumor cell death.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant peptide consisting of the amino acid residues 540 to 548 of the human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Telomerase expression has been directly linked to tumor development; its catalytic subunit is expressed in the majority of human cancer cells, but infrequently in normal cells. Vaccination with telomerase:540-548 peptide may stimulate cytotoxic T cells to recognize and kill telomerase-expressing cells.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant peptide similar to or identical to endogenous human cytokine interleukin-21 (IL-21) with potential antineoplastic activity. Denenicokin binds to and activates IL-21 receptors, expressed on T-cells, B-cells, dendritic cells (DC), and natural killer (NK) cells, modulating the proliferation and/or differentiation of T and B cells, promoting T cell survival, and increasing the cytolytic activity of cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) and NK cells.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant peptide that is chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous 70-kD heat shock protein (HSP70). HSP70 is a molecular chaperone that prevents physiologic stress-induced cell death by inhibiting both caspase-dependent and caspase-independent apoptosis. Because this peptide is often overexpressed in tumor cells, autologous vaccination with HSP70 derived from tumor cells may stimulate the host immune system to mount a tumoricidal cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) response.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant polypeptide chemically identical to or similar to the endogenous cytokine transforming growth factor-beta-2 (TGF-beta-2). TGF-beta-2 modulates cell growth and immune function and may promote or inhibit tumor growth, depending on the tumor cell type. TGF-beta-2 may also suppress host immune system recognition of and/or response to tumor cells.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant protein consisting of human interleukin 3 (IL3) fused to the first 388 amino acids of diphtheria toxin (DT(388)) with potential antineoplastic activity. Upon administration, the IL3 moiety of the DT(388)IL3 fusion protein binds to IL3 receptors on cells expressing the receptor. Subsequently, the DT(388) toxin moiety, containing both translocation and catalytic domains, translocates across the cell membrane endocytotically; within the cytosol, the catalytic domain catalyzes the ADP-ribosylation of, and inactivates, translation elongation factor 2 (EF-2), resulting in the inhibition of translation during protein synthesis. IL3 may be overexpressed by acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A recombinant protein consisting of the cytokine interleukin-2 (IL-2) fused to a humanized soluble T-cell receptor (TCR) directed against a tumor suppressor p53-derived antigen with potential immunopotentiating and antineoplastic activities. The TCR moiety of IL-2 recombinant fusion protein ALT-801 binds to tumor cells displaying p53 epitope/MHC complexes; subsequently, the tumor cell-localized IL-2 moiety may stimulate natural killer (NK) cell and T cell cytotoxic immune responses against p53-expressing tumor cells.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
