- 行业: Government; Health care
- Number of terms: 6957
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- Company Profile:
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of 11 agencies that compose the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The NCI, established under the National Cancer Institute Act of 1937, is the Federal Government's principal agency for ...
Herbs used in Chinese Herbal Therapy for toxicity attenuation.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Genetically-modified neural stem cells (NSCs) transfected with the Escherichia coli (E. Coli) suicidal gene cytosine deaminase (CD), with potential antineoplastic adjuvant activity. Upon intracerebral injection, E. Coli CD-expressing genetically modified NSCs express the E. Coli cytosine deaminase, an enzyme that catalyzes the intracellular conversion of the nontoxic prodrug 5-fluorocytosine (5-FC) into the cytotoxic 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Co-administration of this agent with 5-FC and upon local activation of 5-FU in the brain tumor, 5-FU disrupts DNA synthesis in tumor cells thereby impeding cellular proliferation with minimal systemic exposure and toxicity.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Exosomes loaded with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC)-specific antigens, with potential immunostimulating and antineoplastic activities. Exosomes derived from autologous maturing dendritic cells (DCs) are pulsed with HLA-DP04-restricted MAGE-3, and HLA-A02-restricted peptides NY-ESO-1, MAGE-1, MAGE-3, and MART-1. Upon vaccination, these exosomes may stimulate natural killer (NK) cell activation and proliferation, restoration of NKG2D expression on NK cells, and antigen-specific T-cell responses. This may eventually lead to inhibition of tumor cell proliferation in NSCLC expressing these specific tumor antigens. These exosomes, nanovesicles secreted from DCs, are embedded with molecules necessary for potent immune responses on the exosomal surface, such as MHC class II molecules, CD40, ICAM-1, IL-15Ralpha, and NKG2D ligands.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Ethylcholine labeled with fluorine F 18, a positron-emitting isotope. Fluorine F 18 fluoroethylcholine incorporates into tumor cells through an active, carrier-mediated transport mechanism for choline and then is phosphorylated intracellularly by choline kinase, yielding a phosphoryl derivative, and finally is integrated into cellular phospholipids, probably primarily into a phosphatidyl derivative; concentration of this agent in tumor cells as various fluorine F 18 fluoroethylcholine derivatives enables tumor imaging using positron emission tomography (PET). Choline kinase, the enzyme responsible for the phosphorylation of choline, is frequently up-regulated in human tumor cell lines.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Encoded by human PLG Gene (Plasminogen Family) and expressed in the kidney, angiostatin is an angiogenesis inhibitor present in plasma and other extracellular fluids that blocks neovascularization and mediates suppression of metastases. Containing at least three kringles, angiostatin is a 38-kD internal (serine protease) proteolytic fragment of plasminogen.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Encoded by human TDO2 Gene, 406-aa 48-kDa Tryptophanase is a homotetramer that may bind protoheme IV involved in tryptophan catabolism with broad specificity towards tryptamine and derivatives including tryptophan, 5-hydroxytryptophan, and serotonin.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Enzymes produced and secreted by the pancreas which aid in the proteolysis of proteins in the digestive tract. Pancreatic proteolytic enzymes include trypsin, chymotrypsin and carboxypeptidase; these enzymes are secreted as zymogens, inactive precursors of the enzymes, and are activated in the lumen of the digestive canal. Another proteolytic enzyme, enteropeptidase, is associated with the brush border of enterocytes; this enzyme catalyses the conversion of trypsinogen into trypsin which, in turn, can activate a number of other pancreatic zymogens.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Diluted extracts isolated from plants and minerals, including belladonna, arnica, St. Johns wort, and Echinacea. As a homeopathic mouth rinse preparation, Traumeel S exhibits antiinflammatory activity; the mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. This agent may reduce the severity and duration of treatment-related stomatitis.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Early- to late-stage myeloid progenitor cells derived from adult human stem cells with potential hematopoietic activity. Upon infusion, human myeloid progenitor cells CLT-008 proliferate into mature myeloid cells, including granulocytes, macrophages, platelets, and erythrocytes. These myeloid progenitor cells die within forty-five days after a burst of hematopoiesis. This agent cannot create lymphoid cells, including T cells associated with graft-versus-host disease (GVHD).
Industry:Pharmaceutical
Demineralized allograft bone with osteoinductive activity. Demineralized bone matrices are prepared by acid extraction of allograft bone, resulting in loss of most of the mineralized component but retention of collagen and noncollagenous proteins, including growth factors. The efficacy of a demineralized bone matrix (DBM) as a bone-graft substitute or extender may be related to the total amount of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) present, and the ratios of the different BMPs present. BMPs belong to the transforming growth factor (TGF) superfamily of proteins.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
