- 行业: Government; Health care
- Number of terms: 6957
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of 11 agencies that compose the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS). The NCI, established under the National Cancer Institute Act of 1937, is the Federal Government's principal agency for ...
A deoxycytidine analog and high-affinity substrate for deoxycytidine kinase (DCK), labeled with fluorine F 18, with potential diagnostic activity upon positron emission tomography (PET) imaging. (18F)L-FAC is preferentially taken up by and accumulated in cells with high deoxycytidine kinase (DCK) levels, such as in tumor cells with dysregulated nucleoside metabolism. Upon uptake through the nucleoside transporter, (18F)L-FAC is phosphorylated by DCK and, subsequently, the 18F moiety can be visualized upon PET imaging. As many nucleoside analog prodrugs are chemotherapeutic agents that require DCK for activation, (18F)L-FAC can potentially be used as a marker to predict chemotherapeutic efficacy of these prodrugs. In addition, as DCK is upregulated in certain immune cells, such as activated T-cells, (18F)L-FAC can also be used to measure immune activation in response to immunomodulating agents. DCK, a rate-limiting enzyme in the nucleoside salvage pathway for DNA synthesis, is overexpressed in certain solid tumors, lymphoid and myeloid malignancies and certain immune cells, such as proliferating T-lymphocytes.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A defined, decaffeinated green tea polyphenol mixture isolated from Camellia sinensis, a plant native to Asia, with antiviral and antioxidant activities and potential chemopreventive activity. Green tea extract contains antioxidant compounds, including flavonoids, vitamins and polyphenols such as epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), which may have antineoplastic properties. Consumption of green tea extract may confer chemopreventive protection against various cancers including those of the prostate, stomach, and esophagus.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A defined, decaffeinated green tea extract, containing polyphenolic flavonol catechins, isolated from the plant Camellia sinensis with antiviral, antioxidant, and potential chemopreventive activities. The primary catechins found in green tea are epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), epicatechin-3 gallate (ECG), and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), the most potent. As potential chemopreventive agents, catechins scavenge free radicals; inhibit enzymes involved in cell replication and DNA synthesis; interfere with cell-to-cell contact adhesion; and inhibit various intracellular communication pathways required for cell division. In addition, it has been postulated that EGCG may "trap" growth factors such platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) on cell membranes, immobilizing growth factors on cell membranes and preventing ligand-receptor crosslinking and growth factor receptor activation.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) inhibitor with antineoplastic activity. AG-024322 selectively inhibits cyclin-dependent kinases (particularly CDK1,2 and 4), enzymes that regulate cell cycle progression. Inhibition of CDK may result in cell cycle arrest, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of DNA replication and tumor cell proliferation.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A cytokine-peptide conjugate composed of the cytokine tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) chemically linked to the peptide CNGRC. The peptide moiety CNGRC, a ligand for the membrane-bound metalloprotease CD13, binds to endothelial cells of the angiogenic vasculature that express CD13 (also known as aminopeptidase N); subsequently, the TNF-alpha moiety induces apoptosis in endothelial cells expressing CD13, thereby inhibiting tumor-associated angiogenesis.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A cytostatic triazole derivative antimetabolite. Guanazole scavenges tyrosine free radicals, thereby inhibiting mammalian ribonucleotide reductase activity and DNA synthesis.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A cyclic depsipeptide extracted from the Caribbean tunicate Trididemnum cyanophorum. Didemnin B activates caspase, thereby inducing apoptosis, and prevents eukaryotic elongation factor 2 (eEF-2)-dependent translocation, thereby inhibiting protein synthesis. This agent also has immunosuppressive and antiviral properties.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A cyclic sulfur amino acid derivative with potential antineoplastic and antioxidant activities. Acting on cellular membranes of malignant cells through an unknown mechanism, timonacic may induce malignant cells to revert back to an untransformed state. This agent may also restore contact inhibition, a phenomenon characterized by the paracrine inhibition of mitosis following the formation of a critical cell mass, presumably the result of cell-to-cell signal transfer. Timonacic may also produce antioxidant effects secondary to its release of cysteine and restoration of glutathione concentrations.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A crystalline antibiotic fermentation product isolated from the bacterium Streptomyces griseoluteus with antineoplastic activity. Piperazinedione alkylates DNA at the N-7 position of guanine, inhibiting DNA replication and inducing cell cycle arrest.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
A cyclic Arg-Gly-Asp peptide with potential antineoplastic activity. Cilengitide binds to and inhibits the activities of the alpha(v)beta(3) and alpha(v)beta(5) integrins, thereby inhibiting endothelial cell-cell interactions, endothelial cell-matrix interactions, and angiogenesis.
Industry:Pharmaceutical
