- 行业: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
- Number of blossaries: 0
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The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
A herpesvirus that can cause infection in many parts of the body. Typically, only people with weakened immune systems become seriously ill from cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection. In people with HIV, CMV can cause serious illnesses, including pneumonia (infection of the lungs), gastroenteritis (infection of the gastrointestinal tract), encephalitis (inflammation of the brain), or retinitis (infection of the eye). CMV infection that affects a body part other than the liver, spleen, or lymph nodes is an AIDS-defining condition in people with HIV.
Industry:Health care
A higher-than-normal level of gamma globulin in the blood. Gamma globulins are a group of blood proteins that include most antibodies. Hypergammaglobulinemia may occur with chronic infections, including HIV infection.
Industry:Health care
A hormone that is produced by the pituitary gland and stimulates the growth of bones, muscles, and other organs. A synthetic version of human growth hormone (hGH) is approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of AIDS-related wasting syndrome.
Industry:Health care
A hormone that is secreted by the pancreas and controls the amount of glucose in the blood. Glucose is the body’s main source of energy. Insulin stimulates cells to absorb and use glucose for energy. Without insulin, cells starve for energy and glucose builds up in the blood (hyperglycemia). Insulin also refers to the laboratory-made drug.
Industry:Health care
A kidney disorder in which the spaces between the kidney tubules (tiny urine-collecting tubes) become swollen. Interstitial nephritis can impair kidney function, including a kidney's ability to filter waste and extra fluid from the body.
Industry:Health care
A laboratory measurement of the concentration of a substance in a solution. For example, an antibody titer measures the presence and amount of antibodies in the blood.
Industry:Health care
A laboratory procedure that involves “washing” semen from an HIV-infected man to separate the sperm from the fluid part of the semen. Because the seminal fluid contains the highest concentration of HIV, the “washed” sperm should not contain any HIV. Sperm washing can be considered as a reproductive option for an HIV discordant couple in which the man is the HIV-infected partner. Because sperm washing has not been proven completely effective, couples using the procedure should be counseled regarding the potential risks for transmission of HIV.
Industry:Health care
A laboratory technique used to produce large amounts of specific DNA fragments. PCR is used for genetic testing and to diagnose disease.
Industry:Health care
A laboratory test that measures the ability of lymphocytes to replicate (proliferate) when exposed to an antigen.
Industry:Health care
A laboratory test that measures the amount of HIV in a blood sample. Results are reported as the number of copies of HIV RNA per milliliter of blood. Examples of viral load tests include quantitative branched DNA (bDNA), reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and qualitative transcription-mediated amplification. Viral load tests are used to diagnose acute HIV infection, guide treatment choices, and monitor response to antiretroviral therapy (ART).
Industry:Health care
