- 行业: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
- Number of blossaries: 0
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The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
An infection caused by the fungus Cryptococcus neoformans. The fungus enters and infects the body through the lungs. Cryptococcosis may go away on its own, remain in the lungs, or spread throughout the body (disseminate). Most cases of cryptococcosis are in people with weakened immune systems, such as people with HIV. In people with HIV, cryptococcosis is an AIDS-defining condition.
Industry:Health care
An infection caused by the parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Toxoplasmosis is most commonly transmitted by contact with infected cat feces, eating contaminated meat, or drinking contaminated water. Toxoplasmosis can also be transmitted from an infected mother to her child during pregnancy. Symptoms, if any, include swollen lymph nodes and muscles aches that last for a month or more. In fetuses and people with weakened immune systems, toxoplasmosis can cause severe damage to the brain (Toxoplasma gondii encephalitis), eyes, and other organs. In people with HIV, toxoplasmosis of the brain is an AIDS-defining condition.
Industry:Health care
An infection caused by the protozoan Cryptosporidium. Symptoms of cryptosporidiosis include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and lower abdominal cramping. In people with weakened immune systems, such as people with HIV, cryptosporidiosis can lead to severe and life-threatening loss of muscle and body mass and malnutrition. In people with HIV, chronic cryptosporidiosis (lasting more than 1 month) is an AIDS-defining condition.
Industry:Health care
An infection caused by the protozoan Cryptosporidium. Symptoms of cryptosporidiosis include diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and lower abdominal cramping. In people with weakened immune systems, such as people with HIV, cryptosporidiosis can lead to severe and life-threatening loss of muscle and body mass and malnutrition. In people with HIV, chronic cryptosporidiosis (lasting more than 1 month) is an AIDS-defining condition.
Industry:Health care
An infection caused by two closely related and hard-to-distinguish bacteria, Mycobacterium avium and Mycobacterium intracellulare. These two bacteria can be found in drinking water, dirt, and household dust. Most people are not affected by the bacteria, but for people with severely weakened immune systems, the bacteria can cause infection. M. intracellulare tends to cause lung disease, and M. avium tends to spread throughout the body (disseminated). Symptoms of disseminated Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare (MAI) infection include fever, night sweats, weight loss, abdominal pain, fatigue, and diarrhea. In people infected with HIV, MAI infection that is outside of the lungs (extrapulmonary) or that has disseminated is an AIDS-defining condition.
Industry:Health care
An infection that has no symptoms or noticeable signs. A subclinical infection may be an early stage of an infection or a very mild infection.
Industry:Health care
An infection that occurs more frequently or is more severe in people with weakened immune systems, such as people with HIV or people receiving chemotherapy, than in people with healthy immune systems.
Industry:Health care
An infectious disease caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum, which is typically transmitted through direct contact with a syphilis sore, usually during vaginal or oral sex. Syphilis can also be transmitted from an infected mother to her child during pregnancy. Syphilis sores occur mainly on the genitals, anus, and rectum, but also on the lips and mouth. Genital sores (chancres) caused by syphilis increase the risk of sexual transmission of HIV.
Industry:Health care
An infectious disease that can be transmitted from person to person. Transmission can occur through direct physical contact, such as by touching or having sex with an infected person; through indirect contact, such as by touching or using an object that an infected person has touched or used; or through close proximity, such as being exposed to an infected person’s sneeze or cough.
Industry:Health care
