- 行业: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
- Number of blossaries: 0
- Company Profile:
The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
Strategies used to prevent the spread (transmission) of HIV from an HIV-infected mother to her child during pregnancy, during labor and delivery, or by breastfeeding (through breast milk). Strategies include antiretroviral (ARV) prophylaxis for the mother during pregnancy and labor and delivery, scheduled cesarean delivery, ARV prophylaxis for the newborn infant, and avoidance of breastfeeding.
Industry:Health care
Substitute measure for a clinical endpoint. Because it can be difficult to measure clinical endpoints in studies running for several years, researchers often use surrogate endpoints as substitute measures for clinical endpoints. For example, in HIV-related clinical trials, rising CD4 count is used as a surrogate endpoint for progression of HIV infection.
Industry:Health care
Substitute measure for a clinical endpoint. Because it can be difficult to measure clinical endpoints in studies running for several years, researchers often use surrogate endpoints as substitute measures for clinical endpoints. For example, in HIV-related clinical trials, rising CD4 count is used as a surrogate endpoint for progression of HIV infection.
Industry:Health care
Sudden, involuntary contraction of the muscles of the bronchii (airways in the lungs).
Industry:Health care
Surgical incision through the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a baby.
Industry:Health care
Surgical incision through the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a baby.
Industry:Health care
Symptoms that signal the transition from asymptomatic HIV infection to symptomatic HIV infection (but not full-blown AIDS). Symptoms can include recurring fever, unexplained weight loss, swollen lymph glands, diarrhea, or fungal infection of the mouth.
Industry:Health care
Taking medications exactly as prescribed. Poor adherence to an HIV treatment regimen increases the risk for developing drug-resistant HIV and virologic failure.
Industry:Health care
Testing in humans that occurs after a drug (or other treatment) has already been approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and is being marketed for sale. Phase IV trials are conducted to determine long-term safety and effectiveness and to identify adverse effects that may not have been apparent in prior trials. Thousands of participants are usually recruited to volunteer for this phase of clinical testing.
Industry:Health care
The ability or the extent to which a substance is able to stimulate an immune response.
Industry:Health care
