- 行业: Library & information science
- Number of terms: 152252
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The National Library of Medicine (NLM), on the campus of the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, is the world's largest medical library. The Library collects materials and provides information and research services in all areas of biomedicine and health care.
1) Directed modification of the gene complement of a living organism by such techniques as altering the DNA, substituting genetic material by means of a virus, transplanting whole nuclei, transplanting cell hybrids, etc.
2) The group of applied techniques of genetics and biotechnology used to cut up and join together genetic material and especially DNA from one or more species of organism and to introduce the result into an organism in order to change one or more of its characteristics.
3) Procedure used to join together DNA segments in a cell-free system (an environment outside a cell or organism). Under appropriate conditions, a recombinant DNA molecule can enter a cell and replicate there, either autonomously or after it has become integrated into a cellular chromosome.
4) Genetic engineering is the process of using recombinant DNA (rDNA) technology to alter the genetic makeup of an organism. Traditionally, humans have manipulated genomes indirectly by controlling breeding and selecting offspring with desired traits. Genetic engineering involves the direct manipulation of one or more genes. Most often, a gene from another species is added to an organism's genome to give it a desired phenotype.
Industry:Medical
1) Any relative who is one meiosis away from a particular individual in a family (i.e., parent, sibling, offspring. )
2) A first degree relative is a family member who shares about 50 percent of their genes with a particular individual in a family. First degree relatives include parents, offspring, and siblings.
Industry:Medical
1) The branch of science concerned with the means and consequences of transmission and generation of the components of biological inheritance. (Stedman, 26th ed)
2) The branch of biology that deals with heredity, especially the mechanisms of hereditary transmission and the variation of inherited characteristics among similar or related organisms
3) The scientific study of heredity how particular qualities or traits are transmitted from parents to offspring.
Industry:Medical
An extended position of the foot caused by paralysis of the flexor muscles of the leg -- called also drop foot.
Industry:Medical
1) The cell line from which egg or sperm cells (gametes) are derived
2) A germ line is the sex cells (eggs and sperm) that are used by sexually reproducing organisms to pass on genes from generation to generation. Egg and sperm cells are called germ cells, in contrast to the other cells of the body that are called somatic cells.
Industry:Medical
1) Any pathological condition where fibrous connective tissue invades any organ, usually as a consequence of inflammation or other injury.
2) Development of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ.
3) The growth of fibrous tissue.
Industry:Medical
1) A gamete-producing reproductive gland (as an ovary or testis).
2) The part of the reproductive system that produces and releases eggs (ovary) or sperm (testicle/testis).
Industry:Medical
1) The reproductive cells in multicellular organisms.
2) Gametes, also known as sex cells or germ cells, are the cells that come together during fertilization or conception in organisms that reproduce sexually. Their genetic complement consists of a single set of unpaired chromosomes. (from Wikipedia)
3) Mature male or female reproductive cell (sperm or ovum) with a haploid set of chromosomes (23 for humans).
4) A reproductive cell of the body. Germ cells are egg cells in females and sperm cells in males.
Industry:Medical
1) Specific loci that show up during karyotyping as a gap (an uncondensed stretch in closer views) on a chromatid arm after culturing cells under specific conditions. These sites are associated with an increase in chromosome fragility. They are classified as common or rare, and by the specific culture conditions under which they develop. Fragile site loci are named by the letters "FRA" followed by a designation for the specific chromosome, and a letter which refers to which fragile site of that chromosome (e.g. FRAXA refers to fragile site A on the X chromosome. It is a rare, folic acid-sensitive fragile site associated with fragile X syndrome. )
2) Heritable sensitive regions of chromosomes which show up in vitro as non-staining bands. They are associated with chromosome breakage and other aberrations. No abnormal phenotype has been definitely identified with autosomal fragile sites, but some rare autosomal recessive disorders may be due to homozygosity for fragile sites. A fragile site on the X chromosome is associated with Fragile X Syndrome. Fragile sites are designated by the letters "fra" followed by the designation for the specific chromosome and locus.
Industry:Medical
