- 行业: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
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Test taken with a wireline formation tester. The wireline formation pressure measurement is acquired by inserting a probe into the borehole wall and performing a minidrawdown and buildup by withdrawing a small amount of formation fluid and then waiting for the pressure to build up to the formation pore pressure. This measurement can provide formation pressures along the borehole, thereby giving a measure of pressure with depth or along a horizontal borehole. The trend in formation pressure with depth provides a measure of the formation-fluid density, and a change in this trend may indicate a fluid contact. Abrupt changes in formation pressure measurements with depth indicate differential pressure depletion and demonstrate barriers to vertical flow. Lateral variation in formation pressure measurements along a horizontal well or in multiple vertical wells indicate reservoir heterogeneity.
Industry:Oil & gas
Techniques that use equations or algorithms that have been previously developed for similar situations. These methods do not involve stochastic or statistical approaches. Deterministic methods are generally easier and faster to apply and readily lend themselves to computer applications. However, they may not provide the most detailed or the most accurate reservoir models.
Industry:Oil & gas
Techniques that are applied to reservoir characterization using various statistical approaches to estimate the geological characteristics of formations at a distance from known points, such as within wellbores. These techniques include the use of semivariograms, kriging and multivariate analysis.
Industry:Oil & gas
Small spheres designed to seal perforations that are accepting the most fluid, thereby diverting reservoir treatments to other portions of the target zone. Ball sealers are incorporated into the treatment fluid and pumped with it. The effectiveness of this type of mechanical diversion to keep the balls in place is strongly dependent on the differential pressure across the perforation and the geometry of the perforation itself.
Industry:Oil & gas
Several pipes (production or injection, gas lift) that are jointly insulated to keep together production lines. The bundle minimizes heat transfer and avoids hydrate or wax deposition that could plug the pipelines. Bundles are common in deepwater field developments.
Industry:Oil & gas
Simultaneously constant pressure (wellhead or bottomhole) and flow rate. This behavior can result when there is pressure support, either naturally through an aquifer or gas-cap drive, or artificially through water or gas injection.
Industry:Oil & gas
Sized particles mixed with fracturing fluid to hold fractures open after a hydraulic fracturing treatment. In addition to naturally occurring sand grains, man-made or specially engineered proppants, such as resin-coated sand or high-strength ceramic materials like sintered bauxite, may also be used. Proppant materials are carefully sorted for size and sphericity to provide an efficient conduit for production of fluid from the reservoir to the wellbore.
Industry:Oil & gas
