- 行业: Oil & gas
- Number of terms: 8814
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A perforated tubular attached to the subsurface sucker-rod pump that controls the entrance of gas. Since it is the only way for formation fluid to enter the pump, its use increases the efficiency of the subsurface sucker-rod pump. It also helps to prevent the phenomenon called 鈥済as lock. 鈥?A gas anchor is similar to a bottomhole gas separator.
Industry:Oil & gas
A perforating charge designed to create perforations with a large-diameter entrance hole. These charges typically are used in sand control completions, in which efficient placement of the gravel pack treatment within the perforation tunnel is crucial. Altering the explosive charge design and materials creates a larger diameter entrance hole on the perforation while reducing the depth of penetration. However, gravel-pack treatments generally are applied in high-permeability formations where perforation tunnel length is less important. Wells that are to be hydraulically fractured also can benefit from larger perforations since the effective penetration is significantly increased by a high-conductivity fracture.
Industry:Oil & gas
A percentage of ownership in an oil and gas lease granting its owner the right to explore, drill and produce oil and gas from a tract of property. Working interest owners are obligated to pay a corresponding percentage of the cost of leasing, drilling, producing and operating a well or unit. After royalties are paid, the working interest also entitles its owner to share in production revenues with other working interest owners, based on the percentage of working interest owned.
Industry:Oil & gas
A payment stipulated in the oil and gas lease, which royalty owners receive in lieu of actual production, when a gas well is shut-in due to lack of a suitable market, a lack of facilities to produce the product, or other cases defined within the shut-in provisions contained in the oil and gas lease.
Industry:Oil & gas
A particular relation proposed by G. E. Archie between the formation factor (F) and porosity (phi), in which F = 1 / phi<sup>m</sup>, where the porosity exponent, m, is a constant for a particular formation or type of rock. In the original work, Archie proposed that m lay between 1. 8 and 2. 0 for consolidated sandstones, and close to 1. 3 for loosely consolidated sandstones. M was named the cementation exponent shortly afterwards. This relation is also known as the Archie II equation.
Industry:Oil & gas
A particular type of induction log designed to read an intermediate distance into the formation while maintaining good vertical resolution. The medium-induction array of eight coils (IM) is produced by three transmitters and five receivers running at 20 kHz. A small fourth transmitter coil was added in tools built since 1968. The midpoint of the integrated radial geometrical factor is 30 in. (76 cm) in radius. The vertical resolution is about 4 ft (1. 2 m) but varies with conditions. The IM is combined with a deep-induction log on the same sonde to produce a dual induction log.
Industry:Oil & gas
A particular type of shale distribution in which the shale exists as grains within a rock framework, in contrast to dispersed shale and laminar shale. The term also refers to a formation model or saturation equation based on this distribution.
Industry:Oil & gas
A particular type of induction log that was designed to read deep into the formation while maintaining reasonable vertical resolution. The deep induction log (ID) is based on the measurement of a 6FF40 array and was combined with a medium induction array to form the dual induction tool. Versions built after 1968 had a small extra transmitter coil to reduce the borehole effect on the medium induction while changing the deep response very little. The midpoint of the ID integrated radial geometrical factor is at 62 in. (157 cm) radius for high resistivities, reducing to 45 in. (114 cm) at 1 ohm-m. ID receives very little signal from within 20 in. (50 cm) of the tool. The vertical resolution is about 8 ft (2. 4 m) but varies with local conditions.
Industry:Oil & gas
A particular arrangement of transmitters and receivers used in the electromagnetic propagation measurement in which the dipoles used as sensors are oriented perpendicular to the axis of the tool. The orientation is combined with relatively short spacings to give a significant signal even in the most attenuative environments, such as salty muds.
Industry:Oil & gas
A particular combination of a spontaneous potential log and three electrical logs consisting of a 16-in. (40-cm) short normal, a 64-in. (162-cm) long normal and an 18-ft, 8-in. (5. 7-m) lateral. With this combination, it is possible to correct for the effects of invasion in many average logging environments. This combination is sometimes called a conventional electrical log or survey, or simply electrical log, and is also referred to as the ES.
Industry:Oil & gas
