- 行业: Oil & gas
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One of a group of organic compounds of carbon (C) and hydrogen (H) in which the carbon atoms have linear, branched chain (open), or both types of structures. Aliphatics, as they are informally called, can be divided into paraffinic (saturated) and olefinic (unsaturated) chain types. The simplest aliphatic, paraffinic hydrocarbon is methane, CH<sub>4</sub>. The simplest aliphatic, olefinic hydrocarbon is ethylene, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>. In drilling fluids, particularly oil-base muds, the amounts and types of hydrocarbon in the mud can be an important parameter in overall performance of the mud.
Industry:Oil & gas
On the basis of weight, the equivalent of parts per million, usually applied to small amounts of one solid admixed with another solid, such as 100 mg/kg of siderite in barite, the same as 100 ppm.
Industry:Oil & gas
On an offshore jackup drilling rig, the deck below the rotary table and rig floor where workers can access the BOP stack. This platform surrounds the base of the BOP stack and is suspended from the cantilever (where the rig floor is located) by adjustable cables. It is accessed from the main deck of the jackup barge by a semipermanent stairwell. The Texas deck is used primarily for installing the wellhead and nippling the BOP stack up and down.
Industry:Oil & gas
On a weight per volume basis, the SI unit of concentration, abbreviated mg/L, usually applied to dissolved material in a solution. This unit is used in water analyses and in mud and mud-filtrate analyses. Increasingly, mg/L and ppm are used interchangeably in mud analyses. Actually, mg/L and ppm can only be interchanged when the sample has the exact density of water, which is only approximated by very dilute solutions.
Industry:Oil & gas
Oilfield slang term for rope not made of steel, such as nylon, cotton, or especially standard manila hemp rope.
Industry:Oil & gas
Nonaqueous, water-internal (invert) emulsion muds in which the external phase is a synthetic fluid rather than an oil. This and other more minor changes in formulations have made synthetic fluids in muds more environmentally acceptable for offshore use. Synthetic muds are popular in most offshore drilling areas, despite high initial mud costs, because of their environmental acceptance and approval to dispose of cuttings into the water. "Oil mud" should not be used to describe synthetic-base muds.
Industry:Oil & gas
Mud used to drill a well from surface to a shallow depth. Guar gum or salt gel are commonly used offshore as spud mud. Onshore spud mud is usually a water-base mud containing bentonite clay that is flocculated with lime. In a large-diameter surface hole, a flocculated clay-based mud can remove large gravel cuttings encountered at shallow depths and is simple and inexpensive.
Industry:Oil & gas
Native clays that are generally unsuitable for use in a clay-based drilling mud. Low-yield clays are considered to be drill solids, although they may give high values for bentonite-equivalent in a mud according to the methylene blue test.
Industry:Oil & gas
NaCl solid particles that have a specified minimum and maximum range of particle sizes and may also have a specified distribution of sizes. Sized salt is used as a bridging agent in saturated saltwater systems used as drill-in, workover and completion fluids. Sized salt can positively seal permeable zones by plugging pores at the wellbore face. It is a preferred bridging agent because it can be dissolved by low-salinity water treatment to clean up the zone afterwards.
Industry:Oil & gas
