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United States Department of Health and Human Services
行业: Government
Number of terms: 33950
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United States Department of Health and Human Services, Radiation Emergency Medical Management
A cancer-causing substance.
Industry:Medical devices
Has a half-life of 30.17 years and decays by beta and gamma radiation. Cs-137 is produced by nuclear fission for use in medical devices and gauges and is one of the byproducts of nuclear fission processes in nuclear reactors and nuclear weapons testing. Small quantities of cs-137 can be found in the environment from nuclear weapons tests that occurred in the 1950s and 1960s and from nuclear reactor accidents, such as the chernobyl power plant accident in 1986, which distributed cs-137 to many countries in europe.
Industry:Medical devices
A process that initiates its own repetition. In a fission chain reaction, a fissile nucleus absorbs a neutron and fissions (splits) spontaneously, releasing additional neutrons. These, in turn, can be absorbed by other fissile nuclei, releasing still more neutrons. A fission chain reaction is self-sustaining when the number of neutrons released in a given time equals or exceeds the number of neutrons lost by absorption in non-fissile material or by escape from the system.
Industry:Medical devices
Exposure to a substance over a long period of time, possibly resulting in adverse health effects. See also acute exposure, fractionated exposure.
Industry:Medical devices
A gray, hard, magnetic, and somewhat malleable metal. Cobalt is relatively rare and generally obtained as a byproduct of the production of other metals, such as copper. Its most common radioisotope, cobalt-60 (co-60), is used in radiography and medical applications. Co-60 emits beta particles and gamma rays during radioactive decay.
Industry:Medical devices
The estimated dose for an area or region multiplied by the estimated population in that area or region. For more information, see “primer on radiation measurement” from cdc.
Industry:Medical devices
Physical, thermal, and/or chemical trauma combined with radiation exposure at a dose sufficient to diminish the likelihood of overall survival or functional recovery.
Industry:Medical devices
A dose that accounts for continuing exposures expected to be received over a long period of time (such as 30, 50, or 70 years) from radioactive materials that were deposited inside the body. For more information, see “primer on radiation measurement” from cdc.
Industry:Medical devices
The dose to a specific organ or tissue that is received from an intake of radioactive material by an individual over a specified time after the intake. For radiation protection purposes, the specified time is to the age of 70, which is normally taken to be 50 years for a radiation worker and 70 years for a member of the public.
Industry:Medical devices
The committed dose equivalent for a given organ multiplied by a weighting factor (see the definition of weighting factor). (radiation terms, health physics society)
Industry:Medical devices